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ID AXON523
Author(s)Silvia Negro
Date17-9-2024
TitleDecreto attico sui doveri del demarco
Abstract (max. 650 characters with spaces included)

L'iscrizione conserva un decreto demotico forse da attribuire al demo attico di Myrrhinous. I doveri e i compiti del demarco sembrano essere al centro della delibera, che tocca tre temi principali: l'euthyna del demarco uscente che aveva luogo a inizio anno, la procedura di prestito di denaro sacro e infine i sacrifici compiuti in occasione di alcune festività e dei quali il demarco era responsabile. L'epigrafe permette dunque di riflettere sul funzionamento interno dell'amministrazione demotica, mettendo al tempo stesso in evidenza i vari ambiti di competenza del demarco, che toccavano la sfera politica, amministrativa e religiosa.

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Edizioni Ca' Foscari

Object typeStele; hymettus marble; 54 × 51 × 10 cm. Fragmentary, due frammenti combacianti; la stele è mutila del lato superiore e inferiore.
Chronology4th century BC (2nd half).
Type of inscriptionDecree.
Findspot and circumstances
1870 circa. Koumanoudis (1874) riferisce che i due frammenti furono trovati in un vigneto a sud-ovest di Markopoulos, vicino alla località Dardisti, da abitanti della zona e che furono acquistati insieme dalla Società Archeologica e portati ad Atene da P. Stamatakis.
Greece, Attica, Myrrhinous (Dardisti, località vicino Markopoulos).
Preservation placeGreece, Athens, Museo Epigrafico , nr. inv. EM 7744+7745.
Script
  • Structure: prose.
  • Layout: stoichedica (46).
  • Execution technique: engraved.
  • Alphabet (colour): dark blue.
  • Special letters: alphaalpha; epsilonepsilon; thetatheta (assenza del punto centrale); mymy; nyny; ksiksi (assenza dell'asta verticale); pipi (secondo tratto verticale di lunghezza quasi pari al primo); sigmasigma.
  • Letter size: 0.5.
  • Arrangement: left-to-right.
  • Language: Attic‐Ionic.
Lemma

Vidi.

Koumanoudis 1874, 687-90; IG II.1 578 [Milchhoefer 1887, nr. 151, 278]; Michel, Recueil nr. 150; IG II².1.2 1183 [Vivliodetis 2007; BE 2009, nr. 202, 430]; Rhodes - Osborne, GHI nr. 63; AIO 2599.

Cfr. Dragoumis 1885, 184-6; Magnoli 2005; Csapo, Wilson 2020.

Text 

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Σ․․․

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Δ Ι․․Ι․

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 𐅂․․․Δ𐅂․․․․

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ο․ε I ﬖ․․․․α̣․

5

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ν․․․ονο

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ο․․․ι․․κα̣ι․

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ρ․ο․

[․․․․ οὐδὲ δῶρα δέξομαι οὔτ’ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ] οὔτ[ε] ἄ[λ]λος v ἐμοὶ οὐ-

[δὲ ἄ]λλ̣ε̣(ι) εἰδότος ἐ̣μο[ῦ μηχανῆι ἢ τ]έ[χνη]ι οὐδεμιᾶι· κ̣α̣ὶ ἐάν μ-

10

[ο]ι [δ]οκεῖ ἀδικεῖν κα[τευθ]υν[ῶ] α[ὐτ]οῦ [καὶ τιμήσ]ω οὗ [ἄ]ν μ[ο]ι [δ]ο-

κ̣εῖ ἄξιον εἶναι τὸ ἀδί[κ]ημα· [νὴ τ]ὸ[ν] Δ[ία ν]ὴ τὸ[ν] Ἀπόλλω νὴ τὴ[ν]

[Δ]ήμ<η>τρα, εὐορ<κ>οῦντι μ[έν] <μ>οι πολ[λ]ὰ κα[ὶ ἀγα]θά, εἰ δ’ ἐπιορκο-

[ί]ην τἀναντία· ὁμνύναι [δ]ὲ τὸν ὅρκον καὶ τὸν λογιστὴν λογι-

εῖσθαι ἃ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ ἀν[ηλ]ωκέναι, [καὶ] το[ὺ]ς σ[υν]ηγό[ρ]ους συ-

15

ν<η>γορήσειν τῶι δήμωι τ[ὰ δ]ίκαια καὶ ψ[ηφ]ιεῖσθαι ἃ ἄν μοι δ-

οκεῖ δικαιότατα εἶναι· τ[ῶ]ι δὲ εὐθύ[ν]ωι μὴ ἐξεῖναι ἐξελεῖ-

ν τὴν εὔθυναν ἐὰν μὴ τοῖς [π]λέοσιν δ[ό]ξει τῶν δέκα τῶν̣ αἱρ[ε]-

θέντων διαψηφιζομένοις [κ]ρύβδην· τὴν δὲ ψῆφον διδότω [ὁ ν]-

[έ]ος δήμαρχος καὶ ἐξορκού[τ]ω αὐτοὺς ἐναντίον τῶν δημο[τῶ]-

20

[ν]· εἶ<ν>αι δὲ καὶ ἔφεσιν αὐτῶι [ε]ἰς ἅπα<ν>τας τοὺς δημότας· ἐ[ὰν]

[δ]έ τις ἐφῆι, ἐξορκούτω ὁ δήμα[ρ]χος τοὺ(ς) δημότας καὶ διδό[τω]

[τ]ὴν ψῆφον ἐὰν παρῶσιν μ<ὴ> ἐλάττους ἢ ∶ΔΔΔ∶ ἐὰν δὲ καταψ<η>[φίζ]-

ωνται αὐτ<ο>ῦ οἱ δημόται, ὀφειλέτω τὸ ἡμιόλιον ὅσου ἂν [τιμ]-

ηθεῖ αὐτῶι ὑπὸ τῶν δέκα τῶν αἱρ[ε]θέντων· μὴ ἐξεῖναι δ[ὲ πρό]-

25

τερο(ν) ἀφεῖναι τοὺς δημότας τῶι δ[η]μάρχωι πρὶν ἂν δῶ[ι τὰς ε]-

ὐ(θύν)ας ὁ περυσιν<ὸς> δήμαρχος καὶ τὰ [ἄ]λλα χρηματίσ<η>ι τ[ὰ ἐν τῶ]-

ι ψηφίσματι, ἐάν δὲ ἀφῆι, ὀφειλέτω ․ δραχμάς . ἐὰν <δ>έ τ[ινι δέ]-

ει ἀργύριον, δανείζειν τοὺ(ς) ἱερέα[ς] ἀξιοχρείωι ἐπ[ὶ χωρίω]-

ι ἢ οἰκίαι ἢ συνοικίαι καὶ ὅρον ἐ<φ>[ισ]τάναι, οὗ ἂν εἶ [θεοῦ πα]-

30

ραγράφοντα ὅ〚υ〛του ἂν εἶ τὸ ἀργύριο[ν· ἐ]ὰν δὲ μὴ ὁρί[σηι αὐτά?],

ὀφείλειν τὸν ἱερέα οὗ ἂν εἶ θεοῦ ἱερεὺς καὶ τὰ χρ[ήματα αὐ]-

τοῦ ὑποκείσθω τῶι θεῶι οὗ ἂν εἶ ἱερε[ι]ωμένος. τῆι [δὲ πέμπτ]-

ει θυέτω τὴν Πληροσίαν ὁ δήμαρχος τῶ[ι] Διὶ ἀπὸ 𐅅 [δραχμῶν κ]-

αὶ νεμέτω τὰ κρέα τεῖ ἑβδόμει ἱσταμένου τοῖς π[αροῦσιν κ]-

35

αὶ συναγοράζουσιν καὶ συνενεχυρά<ζ>ουσιν α — — — — — — — — —

μ̣ι· τῆι δὲ ἐνάτει ἐπὶ δέκα τοῦ Ποσιδεῶν[ος] μ<η>ν[ὸς χρηματίζ]-

[ε]ιν πε[ρὶ Διο]νυσίων, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα πάντα τ — — — — — — — — —

[․․․․10․․․․ χρη]ματίζειν πλὴν τοῦ δ — — — — — — — — — — — —

[․․․8․․․․ τῆι αὐ]τῆι ἡμέραι τὸν δήμα[ρχον — — — — — — — — —]

40

․․․․․․․16․․․․․․․ ὀ[φειλέτ]ω Η δρα[χμάς — — — — — — — — —]

Apparatus

|| 1 ...ﬖ... ed. pr. || 3 ..Ο․․․𐅝Ρ․․․․ ed. pr. || 4 ...Λ. ed. pr. || 5 ΜΙ...14...ΟΝΟ ed. pr.; ..Ν...ΟΝ󰁡 Koehler-Kirchhoff || 7 ..ΡΙΟ. ed. pr. || 8 [...21...ἐγὼ] Rhodes-Osborne || 9-10 --κα]ὶ ἐάν [μοι Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel || 10 [δ]οκεῖ ἀδικεῖν ΚΛ`..ΟΥΝΜΑΙΤΟΥ..Ι......οὗ [ἄ]ν μοι ed. pr. || 11 ἀδί[κ]ημα Ι..ΟΛΛ...Γ.ΟΥ. πολλων ΗΤΗΜ ed. pr. || 12 η μετρα εὐορΧοῦντι μ[έν] Ποι πολ[λ]ὰ καὶ ἀγαθά, εἰ δ’ ἐπιορκο- ed. pr. | Δ]ήμετρα, εὐορχοῦντι μ[έν] γοι in lapide || 13 λογιστὴ[ν] Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel || 14-15 [συ]νεγορήσειν ed. pr.; συνεγορήσειν in lapide || 15 τ[ὰ] δίκαια καὶ ψ[η]φιεῖσθαι ed. pr.; [ψηφι]εῖσθαι Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel || 16 [μ]ὴ Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel || 17 τῶΜ ed. pr.; τῶ<ν> Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel, Rhodes-Osborne, Rhodes-Osborne M in lapide legunt || 17-18 αἱρ[ε]θέMτων ed. pr.; αἱρ[εθ]έ<ν>των Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel; αἱρ[ε]θέ<ν>των Rhodes-Osborne, qui αἱρ.θέμτων in lapide legunt || 18-19 [ὁ ἕν]ος ed. pr. || 19 [κ]αὶ ed. pr. | δ[ή]μαρχος καὶ ἐξορκού[τ]ω αὐτοὺς ἐνα[ντί]ον Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel || 20 εἶMαι ed. pr. || 22 μὲ ἐλάττους Η∶ΔΔΔ∶ ed. pr.; με ἐλάττους...καταψμ in lapide || 23 αὐτωῦ ed. pr., in lapide || 24 δ'ἐκ τõ dubit. ed. pr. || 25 ἱ?ερõ ed. pr. || 25-26 ε]ὐας ὁ περυσινωε ed. pr., in lapide || 26 χρημα<τ>ίσ<η>ι Rhodes-Osborne, Rhodes-Osborne χρημαγίσμι in lapide legunt || 27 ἐὰν οέ in lapide; ἐὰν οετ ed. pr., Koehler-Kirchhoff || 28 ἱερέα[ς ἀ]ξιοχρείωι Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel; ἐπ[ισ]τάναι ed. pr.; ἐ[φισ]τάναι Michel | επ[..]ταναι in lapide || 30 ἀργύριο[ν],· ἐὰν ed. pr.; ἀργύριον· ἐὰν Michel || 33 ἀπὸ 𐅛𐅄?𐅛 δραχμῶν κ- ed. pr.; ἀπὸ [𐅅 δραχμῶν κ]- Koehler-Kirchhoff, Kirchner; ἀπὸ 𐅅̣ Lambert-Osborne || 34 π[ολίταις κ]- ed. pr.; π[ωληταῖς κ]- Michel; [παροῦσιν κ]- Koehler-Kirchhoff || 35 συνενεχυράσΟΥΣΙΝΑ ed. pr.; συνενεχυράσουσιν in lapide || 36 ΛΙ in. ed. pr.; . Ι in. Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel | Ποσιδεῶν[ο]ς ed. pr.; Ποσιδεῶνο[ς] Csapo-Wilson, autopsia: K. Takeuchi || 37 Διον]υσίων Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel || 38 χρ]ηματίζειν ed. pr.; χρ]η̣ματίζειν Csapo-Wilson, autopsia: K. Takeuchi || 40 ὀφειλέτω] Η δρα[χμάς Koehler-Kirchhoff, Michel.

Translation
"[Non accetterò doni né io stesso, né nessun altro per me
né (?)], essendone consapevole, [con qualunque altro trucco o sotterfugio (?)]. E qualora
mi sembri commettere ingiustizia, gli chiederò conto e lo punirò con la pena della quale
l'ingiustizia commessa mi sembri essere degna. Per Zeus, per Apollo, per
Demetra, se manterrò il mio giuramento, per me vi siano molte e buone cose, ma se mai spergiurassi,
accada il contrario". Anche il logistes giurerà secondo il seguente giuramento: "di rendicontare
ciò che mi sembri essere stato speso", e i synegoroi "di
difendere ciò che è giusto per il demo e di votare ciò che mi
sembra essere più giusto". All’euthynos non sia possibile togliere la seduta di
euthyna qualora non sembri opportuno alla maggioranza dei dieci uomini scelti
che votano in segreto. Il nuovo demarco dia la psephos e
li faccia giurare davanti ai demoti.
Ma sia previsto anche il diritto di appello per lui (il demarco uscente) davanti a tutti i demoti. Qualora
qualcuno si appelli, il (nuovo) demarco faccia giurare i demoti e dia
la psephos, qualora siano presenti non meno di trenta uomini. Qualora i demoti votino contro di lui,
sia debitore della metà in più rispetto alla cifra a cui era già stato condannato
(a pagare) dai dieci scelti. Non sia possibile al demarco congedare
i demoti prima che il demarco uscente abbia concluso
il rendiconto e si sia occupato delle altre cose che ci sono
nel decreto. Qualora la congedi, paghi … dracme. Se qualcuno (essendo condannato) ha bisogno
di denaro, i sacerdoti facciano un prestito dietro garanzia di un terreno idoneo
o di una casa o di una synoikia, e pongano un horos che registri di quale divinità sia
il denaro, qualunque essa sia. Qualora non ponga un horos,
il sacerdote sia debitore al dio di cui è sacerdote, e i suoi beni
siano ipotecati al dio di cui si trovi ad essere sacerdote. Il quinto del mese
il demarco sacrifichi una vittima per i Plerosia in onore di Zeus al costo di 500 dracme e
distribuisca la carne il settimo del mese a quanti siano presenti, e
che frequentano l'agora e offrano garanzie…
Il diciannovesimo giorno del mese di Posideon ci si occupi
delle questioni relative alle Dionisie e di tutte le altre cose…,
…ci si occupi eccetto che…
…nello stesso giorno il demarco…
…sia debitore di 100 dracme…
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Rhodes - Osborne, GHI = Rhodes, P.J.; Osborne, R (eds.) (2003). Greek Historical Inscriptions, 404-323 B.C. Oxford.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Rhodes - Osborne, GHI = Rhodes, P.J.; Osborne, R (eds.) (2003). Greek Historical Inscriptions, 404-323 B.C. Oxford.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Rhodes - Osborne, GHI = Rhodes, P.J.; Osborne, R (eds.) (2003). Greek Historical Inscriptions, 404-323 B.C. Oxford.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Rhodes - Osborne, GHI = Rhodes, P.J.; Osborne, R (eds.) (2003). Greek Historical Inscriptions, 404-323 B.C. Oxford.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
IG II².1.2 = Kirchner, J. (ed.) (1916). Inscriptiones Graecae. Voll. II et III, Inscriptiones Atticae Euclidis anno posteriores. Part 1, fasc. 2, Decrees and Sacred Laws. Ed altera. Berlin (nos. 1-1369 in fasc. 1 e 2).
AIO = Lambert, S.D.; Osborne, R. Attic Inscriptions Online. URL https://www.atticinscriptions.com/.
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Csapo, E.; Wilson, P. (2020). A Social and Economic History of the Theatre to 300 BC: Volume 2, Theatre beyond Athens: Documents with Translation and Commentary. Cambridge.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Csapo, E.; Wilson, P. (2020). A Social and Economic History of the Theatre to 300 BC: Volume 2, Theatre beyond Athens: Documents with Translation and Commentary. Cambridge.
IG II.1 = Koehler, U.; Kirchhoff, A. (edd.) (1877). Inscriptiones Graecae. Inscriptiones Atticae aetatis quae est inter Euclidis annum et Augusti tempora Part I. Berlin (nos. 1-641).
Michel, Recueil = Michel, C. (éd.) (1897-1900). Recueil d’inscriptions grecques. Bruxelles.
Figures
Figura 1: ΕΜ 7744+7745 Epigraphic Museum, Athens. © Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports/ Hellenic Organization of Cultural Resources Development (H.O.C.RE.D.)
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